So far we have learned the characteristics of a single word/ noun, called )ْ الكلمات المفردة We now come to the compounds المركبات. the phrases/ sentences. If two or more words are joined together, they make a phrase or a sentence الجملة (الولد, الذكي} are two mufrad words. But if they are joined as (الولد الذكي} the smart boy then they became a phrase/sentence. The murakkabat are of two kinds مركب ناقص Phrase or incomplete sentence. ) مركب تام Sentence which conveys a complete sense. The murakkabun naqis المركب الناقص )is further divided into the following four types:
1- the adjective phrase المركب الوصفي
It is a phrase that acts as an adjective by describing a noun. It has two nouns in it where one noun describes the quality of another noun.
The beautiful woman
المرأةُ الجميلةُ
The playlist was too slow-paced for the crowd that night.
كانت قائمة التشغيل بطيئة الخطى بالنسبة للجمهور في تلك الليلة.
They took an intense, time-consuming physics course
لقد أخذوا دورة فيزياء مكثفة تستغرق وقتًا طويلاً
2- the relative phrase المركب الأضافي .
It is sometimes called an “adjective clause” because it functions as an adjective—it gives more information about a noun. The Relative Phrase المركب الأضافي is a correlation between two nouns. In a relative phrase, the idea of one noun is very often more closely determined or defined by that of another.
student’s pen
قَلَمُ الطَّالِبِ
Mohammed’s house
بيت محمد
3- THE DEMONSTRATIVE PHRASE المركب الأشاري
The Demonstrative Phrase has two parts: (اسم الأشا رة) the demonstrating pronoun) and (الاسم المشار اليه)(the demonstrated noun) for example
This pen
هذا القلم
I want to buy these trousers
أريد شراء هذه السراويل
Do you see that car?
هل ترى تلك السيارة؟
4- the genitive phrase الجملة الجارية .
the genitive phrase has two parts: (حرف جر) (preposition) and (الاسم المجرور)(the geitive noun) for example
on the earth
في الأرضِ
At the store
ِفي المتجر
on the beach
على الشاطئ
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