An adverb is a word or an expression that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. it is an indefinite noun that comes after a complete sentence to indicate the state of the subject, the object, the accusative noun, or the predicate. We call the subject here “The owner of the adverb”
Arabic adverbs are mostly derived from nominals. The majority of the derived adverbs are indefinite accusative nouns or adjectives.
There are 2 main types of adverbs in the Arabic language which are time and Place
Adverbs of time ظرف زمان
Adverbs of place ظرف مكان
There are other types but not common as these ones
we can classify the adverb by 3 types
1- Singular adverb
2- Adverb clause
3- Adverb Phrase
Singular Adverb
Usually, an adverb is just one word that modifies or describes, a verb. One adverb adds some detail to the verb.
Take a look at the following examples
– جاء الولدُ ضاحكا .The boy came laughing.
صاحب الحال : الولد ( فاعل ) .(the owner of the adverb)
الحال : ضاحكا .the adverb
Adverb Clause
Usually, an adverb is just one word that modifies or describes, a verb. An adverb clause, on the other hand, is an entire clause that functions as an adverb. This clause is a group of words, or an entire sentence, which modifies a verb.
One adverb adds some detail to the verb. An adverb clause adds more detail to the verb and describes it precisely. An adverb clause can answer questions like:
How? What? When? Where? How much? And others.
Like any clause, an adverb clause has to have a subject and predicate to be complete. An adverb clause can appear in the beginning, middle, or end of the sentence. In Arabic, it usually comes with prepositions. The adverb clause is always divided by a comma if it’s in the beginning or middle of the sentence.
Take a look at this phrase
رأيت القطة على الطاولة
I saw the cat on the table
The adverb clause here is “on the table ” which means على الطاولة
The adverb clause here answers the question like: where did you see the cat?
Adverb Phrase
An adverb phrase is a group of words that function as an adverb. Unlike the singular adverb. An adverb phrase is two or more words that modify the verb.
Adverb phrases are used to describe the verb in more detail than just one adverb would.
Take a look here at the following phrase
Because the boss is late the meeting will start later than usual.
لأن الرئيس متأخر سيبدأ الاجتماع في وقت متأخر عن المعتاد.
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